Conscientious Objector
http://www.militaryfreeschools.org/conscienceobject.htm
"This is a way that may protect you from fighting war if you do not believe that war is a good solution to our problems."
CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION AND ALTERNATIVE SERVICE
http://www.sss.gov/FSconsobj.htm
"A conscientious objector is one who is opposed to serving in the armed forces and/or bearing arms on the grounds of moral or religious principles."
H.R. 393: Universal National Service Act of 2007 (GovTrack.us)
http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h110-393
"To require all persons in the United States between the ages of 18 and 42 to perform national service..." Repeatedly reintroduced apparently to prove a point.